Birth: December 26, 1791
Death: October 18, 1871
Contribution to Computer Science:
He designed the difference engine which was an early calculating machine.
He also created concepts and plans for the analytical engine which was
the first digital computer.
They were not successfully built in his
lifetime because funding and construction were ceased.
However, they laid the foundations for the first computers.
Sources:
Charles Babbage | Biography, Computers, Inventions, & Facts | Britannica
Charles Babbage | Babbage Engine | Computer History Museum
Who was Charles Babbage? | CHARLES BABBAGE INSTITUTE | College of Science and Engineering
Birth: June 23, 1912
Death: June 7, 1954
Contribution to Computer Science:
He worked with the British code breaking organization and helped
break the German military code during WWII.
He helped design
an automatic computing engine which had many aspects
of modern computers.
In addition, he created an experiment called the
Turing Test that could be used to determine if a computer could
imitate human conversation.
This was the foundation for AI.
Sources:
Alan Turing | Biography, Facts, Computer, Machine, Education, & Death | Britannica
Alan Turing: Biography, Code Breaking, Computer & Death | HISTORY
Alan Turing (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)